Jesus’ Parable of the Growing Seed

The Parable of the Growing Seed

Mark 4:26–29

From the start, we have this question to answer: What great truth does the Lord want us to learn from the Parable of the Growing Seed?

When you read this four-verse miniparable, which appears only in Mark’s gospel, you’ll likely see resemblances to the three like-kind gospel accounts of Jesus’ Parable of the Sower, Seed, and Soil, as seen in Matthew 13:1–23, Mark 4:1–20, and Luke 8:1–15. Because this miniparable in Mark’s gospel follows his complete Sower parable’s rendition in 4:1–20, it does an excellent job of expanding on Jesus’ teaching of how “good soil” (a receptive heart) receives essential “seed” (God’s Word).

Here in the Parable of the Growing Seed, Jesus talks about a man who scatters seed on the ground and then allows nature to take its course. As the man who sowed the seed went about his business, day by day, the seed began to develop accordingly: First, the seed sprouted; then it produced a stalk and leaves; then a new head of grain appeared; finally, fully developed kernels emerged in the head. Jesus emphasized to his listening disciples that all of this new growth happens without the man’s help. Clearly, the sower in this miniparable who scattered the seed couldn’t have fully understood how the sowing/growing seed process happens. It’s obviously the unexplainable work of nature: “...he knows not how. By itself the soil produces grain” (vv. 27b–28a). It’s the Lord’s doing and it’s marvelous in our eyes.

Who’s the sower?  When a person teaches God’s Word, he doesn’t teach his own words, he teaches God’s; it’s God’s seed that he sows. Because God has no need to sow his own seed, the sower in this Growing Seed parable can’t be the Lord Jesus. Then who is he? Well, any and all people who sow God’s Word are the sowers; those who proclaim the good news of salvation in Christ are sowers. In the Bible, the sower isn’t always Jesus. Yes, he’s the first one who sows. You might even say that he’s the Sower, with a capital ‘S.’ But, as believers and followers of Jesus, we are all his sowers (with a small ‘s’). Man is the means, the instrument that God has chosen to share the gospel with people in the world. In that sense, we are his hearty servants, workers, and sowers.

The man in this parable played an active role in the harvest. He didn’t know how sown seed would grow. His task was to sow seed at the beginning of the season so he could reap a harvest at its end. In 2 Timothy 4:2, Paul says to Timothy, “Preach the word, in season and out of season.” The expression “in season and out of season” was intentionally written using agricultural language. We normally sow the seed at a certain time of year, usually in the spring; we don’t sow in the winter. But when it comes to God’s Word, we sow any time, in season and out of season. So you can see that Paul has combined two things in that verse: Preaching the Word of God is pictured as sowing the seed and we’re to be sowers of his seed at any and all times.

The seed of God’s Word has transforming power. Sown into barren land then watered, seed produces a fruitful field, which every farmer wants: a plentiful harvest. The word “harvest” is key to this parable’s last verse. For a seed to grow, there must be a sower to sow it into the soil, and there must be water. Quite likely, that act of watering turns out to be the act of prayer. That means that it’s not enough just to sow or disperse God’s Word onto fertile soil — we need to pray before, during, and after sowing, so it will produce good growth. In effect, we need to pray so we can effectively “water the Word of God.”

Okay, here are the basics: (1) A sower is needed to sow and spread seeds; (2) that seed must be watered so it can stay alive and grow productively. There’s a third basic element that we must include and appreciate: (3) the soil must be fertile. Highlighted in our summary of the Parable of the Sower, the Seed, and the Soil, when we look back at Mark’s account of that parable, we see that good soil is designated as representing those who hear the Word and receive it. When seed falls on good-soil-types of people, they, “like seed sown on good soil, hear the word, accept it, and produce a crop — some thirty, some sixty, some a hundred times what was sown” (4:20).

Interestingly, that Sower Parable tells us of the inevitability that, while three quarters of its hearers will refuse or reject the seed of God’s Word in some sense, thereby preventing it from being sown deep into their hearts so it can bear fruit, at least one quarter of his hearers will successfully and meaningfully harvest healthy spiritual growth! It also tells us, its readers, that we too have a responsibility to cultivate our hearts. After all, God’s seed is fully capable of bearing good fruit. But it must be sown onto and sink into fertile soil that’s adequately watered by devoted prayer. It then becomes most productive in our God-honoring, responsive hearts.

What’s the central truth of this parable?  We can learn at least two lessons. First, we learn something of the unique power of the Word of God. The “seed” is the Word. We ought to look again at v. 27: “Night and day, whether he sleeps or gets up, the seed sprouts and grows, though he does not know how.” Note the order the Greek language uses in which the verse ends with “though he does not know how.” The emphasis therein is on “how.” The sower has sown the seed; he sleeps night and day, leaves it, waits, and it grows; he’s dumbfounded at the process that he can’t explain. With all our knowledge, the mystery of such growth still puzzles today’s farmers and scientists. This secret, unexplainable, mysterious growth of the kingdom is cultivated within our hearts and lives — that’s the point of this beautiful parable told only by Mark.

Second, this miniparable demonstrates the unusual productivity of God’s Word. It’s spoken of in v. 28a: “All by itself the soil produces grain.” The Lord is describing the mysterious, imperceivable growth of the seed, “all by itself.” That phrase is a translation of the Greek word for ‘automate’ and ‘automatic.’ So, automatically, the seed sprouts because there’s life within it. It’s true that the nature of the soil, the weather, and the cultivation of the plant all enter in, but the secret of this growth is in the seed itself. It’s life and growth potential aren’t reliant upon the sower, the water, or the soil; it’s life is in the seed itself!

The prophet Isaiah summarizes the key elements of this parable in his popular “Invitation to the Thirsty” passage in chapter 55. . .

Mark tells us in 4:29 that the one who sows is the one who reaps. When we sow God’s seed, we can expect to reap a productive harvest. Being the seed-sowing farmer represented herein, we’re to water his seed by praying throughout the entire process. In addition to waiting for our harvest, Lord Jesus will instruct us, his disciples, on how to productively sow more seeds elsewhere, allowing us to reach the multitudes with the seeds we’ll sow onto their soil.

Productivity Requires Patience  This miniparable ought to give us perspective when we consider the unusual productivity of God’s Word, which happens in spite of us and our efforts. We’re certainly involved in the “growing seed” process, but such springing forth of life doesn’t depend on our active participation. In addition to giving us perspective, this parable also demonstrates the need for us to be patient with the work of God. Look at vv. 27 and 28 wherein we’re told that the farmer slept and rose, night and day, before the germinated seed sprung up. The close of v. 2 of Ecclesiastes 3:1–2 reads, “a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted.” There are seasons in life, in nature, and in our sowing of seed, followed by a season of waiting. The success formula involves sowing, watering, waiting, then reaping.

We mustn’t get the idea that this farmer, after he’d sown the seed, did nothing until harvest. This parable bypasses a number of details — significant as they may be — and places the emphasis on the sowing, the growing, and the harvesting. Of course the farmer didn’t spend his days being idle. There was much work to do: Plowing, fertilizing, and weeding took a lot of his time. Our weeding effort requires vigilance in determining the applicability of God’s Word in our seed-growth efforts; note the specific weeding effort that Jesus highlights in his Parable of the Weeds (or Tares). Besides his many daily chores, the sower had to buy, sell, plan, and prepare for the harvest. All these tasks and responsibilities were taken for granted in this miniparable.

The power to germinate, break forth, and grow is of the seed itself, by its own virtue. Man doesn’t create life. He can only discover, rearrange, and develop what’s already been created. Unless God causes the seed to grow, all the farmer’s vigilant efforts would be wasted. It’s the same with the kingdom of God, with the growth of believers, both individually and collectively. Growth is not of man; growth is of God. It’s the Spirit of God who takes the gospel and changes a man’s and a woman’s heart, causing him and her to grow in grace.

But what exactly goes on during that waiting time, when we sowers should be prayerful and patient? That answer is often imperceptible to us sowers of seed. The farmer doesn’t know what goes on within the soil. But something’s definitely happening down there because the essence of life is in the seed. The farmer sleeps and rises, again and again, praying and waiting patiently. One day — every season — the seed grows but he doesn’t know how that happens!

What does that mean to us? We need to couple God’s grace with man’s intention to produce a harvest. God’s grace always takes into account the will of man.

Faith and Patience  It takes a lot of faith to be a farmer like the man in this parable; it also takes a substantial amount of patience to be a successful farmer; it takes all that faith and patience to sow God’s seed. Someone has said that the secret of patience is “doing something else in the meantime.” Note the element of “patiently waiting” that James highlights below, from his epistle.

While we’re waiting patiently for our anticipated harvest, we ought to sow elsewhere, water that other soil, and wait faithfully and patiently for its new growth. That’s our responsibility — our job! As Lord Jesus’ active servants, we’re to respond devotedly to Lord Jesus’ Great Commission. Some believers go a lifetime without cultivating and producing much spiritual fruit. But, thankfully, God’s Word promises that a harvest will definitely come, so long as we have faith, pray often, remain patient, and continually sow God’s seed here and there.

The Parable of the Growing Seed ends with the announcement of a harvest. When the grain became ripe, the farmer utilized the sickle, harvesting the cultivated seed. The entire sowing-waiting-cultivating-harvesting process happens continually, according to God’s calendar, at his chosen time.

Ultimate Purpose  This miniparable presents God’s kingdom, starting with its first sowing, hidden in the hearts of men, when Jesus lived on the earth. Once the seed has been sown, we must wait patiently in this age of grace, eventually appreciating a final reaping for all to see at the great harvest. The ultimate purpose for the Word of God is to successfully develop a harvest that glorifies God. But what a challenge this Parable of the Growing Seed presents! Clearly, we have a responsibility to sow his seed. We must also water the seed and soil, then wait patiently while looking for other areas or fields in which to sow God’s seed. Remember: Life is in the seed! The Parable of the Sower concentrates more on the force of resistance to the seed and the soils. But this parable about seed growth concentrates our focus on the potential and promise of life within the seed, which causes the seed to grow. In God’s Word, there’s a unique power, an unusual productivity, and an ultimate purpose to be fulfilled.

Mark doesn’t tell his readers if the disciples understood this parable’s purpose and challenge. There’s no mention of Jesus explaining it to his attentive disciples, as he’d done during other teaching situations. Instead, he left it to them — and us — to attempt to find out and understand its meaning. Appreciating “the seed” as being God’s Word, as in 4:14, it behooves us to interpret a “growth of plants” as an unexplainable divine effect of God’s Word in our hearts. The fact that a crop grows without the farmer’s active intervention means that God can accomplish his purposes even when we’re absent or unaware of what he’s doing in and around us. God’s goal is to grow and cultivate a harvest of ripened spiritual grain. At the proper time, his Word will raise and produce healthy fruit. As a result of his seed growth, the Lord of the harvest (Luke 10:2) will be glorified.

We can see the truth of this miniparable in the growth of the early church: “I planted the seed, Apollos watered it, but God made it grow” (1 Corinthians 3:6). In the same way that a farmer can’t make or force a crop to grow, an evangelist can’t force spiritual life or growth in others’ lives. Neither can spiritual growth be measured by a stopwatch. The kingdom of God may begin in a person’s life in an instant. But its growth becomes visible only with the passing of time and the practice of faithfulness. 

The point of the Parable of the Growing Seed could be summarized accordingly: The way God uses his Word in the heart of an individual is mysterious and completely independent of human effort. May our ongoing efforts as the Lord’s ambassadors and servants be faithful and fruitful in “sowing the seed,” “praying for a harvest,” and “leaving the results to the Lord!”

Our Responsibility  Each of us believers and followers of Lord Jesus is to become one of his active sowers. Perhaps we’ll sow by speaking the Word to people; some of us will share our personal testimony; some will write articles or teach or preach; some will show kindness to those in need; and so on. Recipients of spiritual seed (as represented by the four soil types described in the Sower Parable) are attracted to our sowing efforts. But it’s God who does the bulk of the work that grows the seed. Spiritual growth happens slowly and incrementally after the seed gets planted in our hearts. Initially, we probably didn’t see any growth. But after patiently waiting and praying for the Lord’s provision of water and sunlight, the seed began to grow and eventually produced fruit.